1901, Kingdom of Bulgaria, Ferdinand I. Copper 1 Stotinka Coin. NGC MS-63 BN!

Description

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1901, Kingdom of Bulgaria, Ferdinand I. Copper 1 Stotinka Coin. NGC MS-63 BN!
Mint Year: 1901
Reference: KM-22.1.
Denomination: 1 Stotinka
Condition:
Certified and graded by NGC as MS-63 BN!
Material: Copper
Diameter: 15mm
Weight: ca. 1gm
The lev was introduced as Bulgaria's currency in 1881 with a value equal to the French franc. The gold standard was suspended between 1899 and 1906 before being suspended again in 1912. Until 1916, Bulgaria's silver and gold coins were issued to the same specifications as those of the Latin Monetary Union.
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Ferdinand I, Tsar of Bulgaria
(February 26, 1861 - September 10, 1948), born
Prince Ferdinand Maximilian Karl Leopold Maria of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
, was the Knjaz (Prince Regnant) and later Tsar of Bulgaria as well as an author, botanist, entomologist and philatelist.
Bulgaria replaced its first Knjaz (Prince), Alexander   of Battenberg in 1886, only seven years after he had been installed.   Ferdinand was proclaimed Knjaz (Prince Regnant) of autonomous Bulgaria   on 7 July 1887 in the Gregorian calendar (the "New Style" used   hereinafter). The throne had been previously offered, before Ferdinand's   acceptance, from Denmark to the Caucasus and even to the King of   Romania. His accession was greeted with disbelief in many of the royal   houses of Europe. Queen Victoria, his father's first cousin, stated to   her Prime Minister, "He is totally unfit, ... delicate, eccentric and   effeminate .. Should be stopped at once." To the amazement of his   initial detractors, Ferdinand generally made a success of his reign.
Bulgaria's domestic political life was dominated   during the early years of Ferdinand's reign by liberal party leader   Stefan Stambolov, whose foreign policy saw a marked cooling in relations   with Russia, formerly seen as Bulgaria's protector.
Ferdinand became Tsar of Bulgaria upon that country's   declaration of independence from the Ottoman Empire on 5 October 1908   (celebrated on 22 September). The Declaration of Independence was   proclaimed at the Saint Forty Martyrs Church in Turnovo. It was accepted   by Turkey and the other European powers.
Ferdinand was known for being quite a character. On a   visit to German Emperor Wilhelm II, his second cousin once removed, in   1909, Ferdinand was leaning out of a window of the New Palace in Potsdam   when the Emperor came up behind him and slapped him on the bottom.   Ferdinand was affronted by the gesture and the Emperor apologised.   Ferdinand however exacted his revenge by awarding a valuable arms   contract he had intended to give to the Krupps factory in Essen to   French arms manufacturer Schneider-Cruseot. Another incident   particularly occurred on his journey to the funeral of his second   cousin, British King Edward VII in 1910. A tussle broke out on where his   private railway carriage would be positioned in relation to the heir to   the Austro-Hungarian throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The Archduke won   out, having his carriage positioned directly behind the engine.   Ferdinand's was placed directly behind. Realising the dining car of the   train was behind his own carriage, Ferdinand obtained his revenge on the   Archduke by refusing him entry through his own carriage to the dining   car.
Like many a ruler of an Orthodox land before him,   Ferdinand had a "dream of a new Byzantium". In 1912, Ferdinand joined   the other Balkan states in an assault on the Ottoman Empire to free   occupied territories. He saw this war as a new crusade declaring it, "a   just, great and sacred struggle of the Cross against the Crescent."   Bulgaria contributed the most and also lost the greatest number of   soldiers. The great powers insisted on the creation of an independent   Albania. Soon after, Bulgaria attacked its recent allies Serbia and   Greece and itself was attacked by Romania and the Ottoman Empire and was   defeated. The Treaty of Bucharest in 1913 gave little territorial gains   to Bulgaria. A tiny area of land giving access to the Aegean Sea was   secured.
On 11 October 1915, the Bulgarian army attacked   Serbia after signing a treaty with Austria-Hungary and Germany which   stated that Bulgaria would gain the territory she sought at the expense   of Serbia. See Serbian Campaign (World War I) for details. Ferdinand was   not an admirer of German Emperor Wilhelm II (his second cousin once   removed) or Emperor of Austria Franz Josef I who he described as "that   idiot, that old dotard of a Francis Joseph". But Ferdinand wanted extra   territorial gains after the humiliation of the Balkan Wars. This did   however mean forming an alliance with his former enemy, the Ottoman   Empire.
At first the war went well, Serbia was defeated and   Bulgaria took possession of most of the disputed territory of Macedonia.   For the next two years, the Bulgarian army fought a defensive war   against the Allied army based in Greece. A small part of the Bulgarian   army was involved in the conquest of Romania in 1916.
Then, in the fall of 1918, the Bulgarian army was   badly beaten by an attack from the Allied forces in Greece. With his   army shattered, Tsar Ferdinand abdicated to save the Bulgarian throne in   favour of his eldest son who became Tsar Boris III on 3 October 1918.   Under new leadership, Bulgaria surrendered to the Allies and as a   consequence, lost not only the additional territory it had fought for in   the major conflict, but also the territory it had won after the Balkan   Wars giving access to the Aegean Sea.
After his abdication, Ferdinand returned to live in   Coburg, Germany. He had managed to salvage much of his fortune and was   able to live in some style. He saw his being in exile simply as one of   the hazards of kingship. He commented, "Kings in exile are more   philosophic under reverses than ordinary individuals; but our philosophy   is primarily the result of tradition and breeding, and do not forget   that pride is an important item in the making of a monarch. We are   disciplined from the day of our birth and taught the avoidance of all   outward signs of emotion. The skeleton sits forever with us at the   feast. It may mean murder, it may mean abdication, but it serves always   to remind us of the unexpected. Therefore we are prepared and nothing   comes in the nature of a catastrophe. The main thing in life is to   support any condition of bodily or spiritual exile with dignity. If one   sups with sorrow, one need not invite the world to see you eat." He was   pleased that the throne could pass to his son. Ferdinand was not   displeased with exile and spent most of his time devoted to artistic   endeavours, gardening, travel and natural history. However, he would   live to see the collapse of everything he had held to be precious in   life. His eldest son and successor, Boris III, died under mysterious   circumstances after returning from a visit to Hitler in Germany in 1943.   Boris III's son, Simeon II, succeeded him only to be deposed in 1946,   ending the Bulgarian monarchy. The Kingdom of Bulgaria was succeeded by   the People's Republic of Bulgaria, under which his sole surviving son,   Kyril, was executed. On hearing of his son's death he said, "Everything   is collapsing around me." He died a broken man in Bürglaß-Schlösschen on   September 10, 1948 in Coburg, Germany, cradle of the Saxe-Coburg-Gotha   dynasty. Ferdinand I is buried there in St. Augustin's Roman Catholic   Church.
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